Guidelines for Manuscript Preparation

Manuscripts should be submitted in Russian or English.

The manuscript volume should not exceed 3 standard pages for a scientific source or a database, 1.0 standard pages for a research article and 0.5 standard pages for a short communication. One standard page equals to 40,000 characters with spaces or 3,000 cm²of images (one 190×270 mm image equals to 1/6 of a standard page, or 6,700 characters).

Manuscripts are submitted online, together with all the corresponding files, i.e. text, tables, and images in the required format.

Author (co-authors) should complement their manuscript with a duly signed license agreement authorizing the Journal to publish the article (link to the document).

The Manuscript and all related files should be uploaded in a single ZIP archive. 

The Manuscript should include:

• Full names of authors
• Title
• Abstract (200-250 words)
• Keywords (not more than 10)
• Main text
• References
• List of abbreviations
• Figure and table captions
• Author information (name, last name, patronymic, affiliations, academic degree, position, address, e-mail, ORCID ID)

The artwork should be provided as original image files. Each file should contain a single figure or table. If a figure is divided into several parts, all the parts should be included in a single file. The file name should start with the author's last name and contain the figure number corresponding to that in the main text (Ivanov_fig_01).

Document Layout

Manuscripts should be submitted in the *.rtf format. Use a 12-point Times New Roman font for the main text, with a 1.5 line spacing.

The main text should have a clear structure and subheadings. It is recommended to divide the Manuscript into sections, including «Introduction», «Materials and methods», «Results», «Discussion and conclusions».

Text formatting guidelines:

• Use chevrons («») for quotations and double turned quotation marks (“”) for quotations inside quotations;
• Use a space between the name initials and the last name (e.g., A.P. Smirnov); 
• All sizes and measurement units should be in accordance with the International System of Units (SI);
• use superscript for exponentiation (e.g., m², x³);
• use the following abbreviations for chronological dates, time indicators and intervals: yr, yrsfor “year/years”; c.for “century(s)”; BC – before our era, AD for our era. Use Roman numerals for centuries and Arabic for years (e.g., XIV BC, 1965 – 1970). Time intervals should begin with the earlier date and end with the later one;
• Ages determined by the radiocarbon dating should be indicated as follows: radiocarbon – C; accelerator mass-spectrometry – AMS  C. It should be expressly stated if the calibration was applied to the date. Uncalibrated radiocarbon dating should be reported as C or C years BC. Calibrated dates should be reported with “cal.”or “cal. BC”after the calibration code.

Citations, Footnotes and References

In-text citations should be indicated in square brackets and include the author’s last name, a space (no other punctuation marks), year of publication, colon, page number, e.g., [Rogachev 1957:100]. 

If an author has published several papers in a single year, use Latin letters a, b, c, etc. to distinguish between them, e.g., [Levenok 1947a; Levenok 1947b].

If there are two co-authors, divide their names with a comma, e.g., [Abramova, Grigorieva 1997: 100].

For more than two authors, only use the first one and abbreviate others “et al.”, e.g., [Velichko et al. 1997], [Dansgaard et al. 1993].

Use a semicolon to separate several citations within one square brackets: [Otte 198: 141; Grigoryeva 1999: 26].

When referring to collective books, encyclopedias etc., use the first few words of the title followed by an ellipsis, e.g., [Radiocarbon chronology... 1997].

A complete list of references to all used sources should be placed at the end of the document under the subtitle References. Each bibliographic description begins with a reference as it appears in the text.

The sources (archival records, reports, etc.) and literature should be listed separately, each in alphabetical order.

The papers of one author should be arranged in chronological order. Description of a publication should include the last names and initials of all authors, full title of the paper, information about the publisher, city, publisher name, year of publication, volume (for multivolume editions), number, issue (for periodicals), and page count (number of pages for a monograph; the first and the last page for an article). 

 Dansgaardetal. 1993. DansgaardW., JonsenS.L.,ClausenH.B.etal. Evidence for general instability of past climate from a 250-kyr ice-core record // Nature. 1993. Vol. 364, № 6434. P. 218–220.

Image Submission

Vector graphics should be submitted in a standard file format of the graphic software used to prepare it; EPS format is also appropriate.

Other images should be submitted in the bitmap format *.tif (without compression), with a resolution of at least 300 dpi.

Black and white images should be saved in the grayscale mode. Color images should be in the RGB mode. 

Other Files

Tables should be submitted only in MS Word format (files in MS Excel formats, *.jpg, *.tif, etc. will not be accepted), each as a separate file. The file name should start with the table number according to the list of figures in the main text.

Databases are accepted as attachments in any format compatible with MS Windows.